Knee Replacement Surgery
Located at Mount Elizabeth Novena Specialist Centre, Hip & Knee Orthopaedics provides knee replacement surgery covered by most Integrated Shield and corporate insurance plans, all within MOH fee benchmarks.
Knee replacement surgery is performed by Dr Adrian Lau and Dr Tan Sok Chuen, orthopaedic surgeons with subspecialty training in knee surgery. Dr Lau previously served as Director of Hip and Knee Surgery at Changi General Hospital, while Dr Tan was a Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon at Ng Teng Fong General Hospital. Both specialists completed fellowships at internationally recognised centres in joint replacement and revision surgery.
Knee Replacement Surgery in Singapore
Knee replacement surgery is one of the most commonly performed orthopaedic procedures in Singapore, particularly among older adults with osteoarthritis and patients with long-standing knee injuries.
Many patients seek treatment when knee pain begins affecting mobility, exercise, work, or independence.
Knee replacement surgery, also known as knee arthroplasty, is a type of joint replacement surgery performed to relieve knee pain and improve the function of the knee joint. During the surgery, damaged cartilage and bone on the ends of the knee joint are removed and replaced with artificial components designed to restore movement and stability.
The knee is a weight-bearing joint that allows activities such as walking, climbing stairs, and standing from a seated position. When cartilage in the knee joint wears down due to conditions such as osteoarthritis, patients may experience persistent knee pain and reduced range of motion. Knee replacement surgery is performed when non-surgical treatments no longer provide adequate relief.
Depending on the extent of damage in the knee joint, your doctor may recommend a total knee replacement or a partial knee replacement.
Total Knee Replacement Surgery (TKR)
Total knee replacement surgery involves replacing the entire knee joint surface. The ends of the thigh bone (femur) and shin bone (tibia), and sometimes the underside of the kneecap, are resurfaced with prosthetic components.
Total knee replacement is the most common type of knee replacement surgery for patients with widespread arthritis affecting multiple areas of the knee joint. A total knee replacement is designed to reduce knee pain and improve stability so as to allow patients to return to activities such as walking and daily movement with improved comfort.
Partial Knee Replacement Surgery (PKR)
Partial knee replacement surgery replaces only the damaged compartment of the knee. This procedure is sometimes called unicompartmental knee replacement.
Partial knee replacement may be suitable for patients with arthritis limited to one part of the knee joint. Because healthy bone, cartilage, and ligaments are preserved, recovery after a partial knee replacement may be quicker for some patients compared with a total knee replacement.
What is Robotic Knee Replacement Surgery?
Robotic knee replacement surgery is a technique that can be used during both total knee replacement (TKR) and partial knee replacement (PKR) procedures. It does not replace the surgeon, but assists with pre-operative planning and implant positioning using detailed imaging and robotic guidance.
During the surgery, the system helps the surgeon align and place the prosthetic components more precisely within the knee joint, which may support accurate bone preparation and implant placement.
The robotic system does not perform surgery independently. Instead, it assists the orthopaedic surgeon with:
* implant positioning
* bone preparation
* joint alignment
* soft tissue balancing
* surgical planning
Potential benefits of robotic-assisted knee replacement may include:
* improved implant alignment
* more accurate bone cuts
* better joint balancing
* reduced trauma to surrounding tissues
* potentially faster recovery in selected patients
Suitability for robotic knee replacement depends on the patient’s anatomy, degree of arthritis, and overall surgical goals.
Reasons for Knee Replacement Surgery
Knee replacement surgery may be recommended when knee pain and joint damage significantly affect mobility, comfort, and quality of life. Patients who are candidates for knee replacement often experience persistent symptoms despite medication, physiotherapy, or lifestyle modifications.
Common reasons for knee replacement surgery include:
• Severe osteoarthritis of the knee
• Progressive cartilage loss within the knee joint
• Bone spurs or bone growths visible on X rays
• Chronic knee pain that limits daily activities
• Stiffness and reduced range of motion in the knee joints
• Knee deformity or instability
• Failure of non-surgical treatment such as physiotherapy, injections, or medication
• Joint damage following previous injury or ligament injury such as the anterior cruciate ligament
Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms
Patients with knee osteoarthritis may experience:
• Persistent knee pain during activities such as walking
• Pain and stiffness in the morning or after periods of rest
• Swelling around the knee joint
• Reduced range of motion in your knee
• A grinding sensation during movement
• Tenderness along the joint line
• Difficulty climbing stairs or standing from a seated position
• Visible changes in knee alignment in the later stages
Understanding Your Treatment Pathway
Knee pain can arise from different causes, including cartilage wear, ligament injury, or joint degeneration. A clinical assessment helps identify the specific problem affecting the knee joint.
At Hip & Knee Orthopaedics, we carry out a thorough evaluation that includes reviewing your symptoms, examining the knee, and assessing imaging such as X rays to understand the condition of the joint. We discuss suitable treatment options with you based on these findings, which may include knee replacement surgery when indicated.
Knee Replacement Recovery Timeline
First 24–48 Hours
Patients are usually encouraged to begin standing and walking shortly after surgery with assistance from physiotherapists. Early mobilisation helps improve circulation, reduce stiffness, and support recovery.
First 2–6 Weeks
During the first few weeks, patients gradually regain mobility and strength. Swelling and discomfort progressively improve, and many patients resume light daily activities during this period.
6 Weeks To 3 Months
Walking ability, knee flexibility, and overall function continue improving with rehabilitation and physiotherapy. Many patients become more comfortable with longer periods of walking and standing.
3–12 Months
Recovery continues progressively over several months as strength, endurance, and joint function improve further. Many patients return to travel, exercise, and recreational activities with significantly reduced pain.
What is Bone-on-Bone Knee Arthritis?
Bone-on-bone knee arthritis occurs when cartilage within the knee joint wears down extensively, causing the bones to rub directly against each other during movement.
This may lead to:
* severe knee pain
* grinding or clicking sensations
* swelling
* stiffness after rest
* difficulty walking
* reduced knee mobility
As the condition progresses, even simple activities such as standing from a chair, walking short distances, or climbing stairs may become increasingly painful.
When conservative treatment no longer provides sufficient relief, knee replacement surgery may be recommended to restore smoother joint movement and reduce pain.
What Happens if Knee Arthritis is Left Untreated?
Knee osteoarthritis is a progressive condition, which means cartilage damage in the knee joint may gradually worsen over time. As the cartilage wears down, bone spurs may develop and the joint space can narrow, leading to increasing knee pain and stiffness.
Patients may experience reduced mobility and difficulty performing activities such as walking, climbing stairs, or standing for prolonged periods. In some cases, the alignment of the knee joint may also change, which can place additional stress on surrounding structures. Early assessment allows your doctor to discuss treatment options before symptoms become more severe.
Estimated Cost of Knee Replacement Surgery in Singapore
In private hospitals, knee replacement surgery may cost approximately $38,000 to $55,000 before insurance or MediSave deductions, depending on factors such as implant type, surgical complexity, and technology used.
For a personalised cost estimate and financial counselling, please contact our clinic so we can guide you through the expected fees, insurance coverage, and payment options.
Alternatively, you can learn more about the costs and financing considerations in our blog.
Knee Replacement Process at Our Clinic
Before Surgery
1. Initial Consultation
Your doctor will evaluate your knee pain, review your medical history, and assess the condition of the knee joint through physical examination. Treatment options including non-surgical approaches will be discussed before considering knee replacement surgery where appropriate.
2. Imaging Tests
X rays or other imaging studies may be performed to examine cartilage loss, bone spurs, and the alignment of the knee joint.
3. Pre-Operative Medical Assessment
Before surgery, patients may undergo blood tests, heart evaluation, or other assessments to ensure they are medically prepared for knee replacement surgery.
4. Pre-Surgical Preparation
Your doctor will explain what to expect during surgery and recovery, including hospital stay, physiotherapy, and preparation at home for the recovery period.
During Surgery
1. Anaesthesia Administration
Anaesthesia will be given to ensure comfort throughout the surgery. This may involve general or regional anaesthesia depending on your medical condition.
2. Surgical Procedure
During knee replacement surgery, the damaged cartilage and bone on the ends of the knee joint are removed and replaced with prosthetic components designed to replicate the natural movement of the joint.
3. Joint Alignment and Implant Placement
The artificial components are carefully positioned to restore alignment and stability in the knee joint.
4. Completion of the Procedure
Once the implants are secured and the knee joint is tested for movement, the surgical incision is closed and dressings are applied.
After Surgery
1. Immediate Post-operative Care
After the surgery, you will be monitored in the recovery area. Some patients may have an oxygen tube temporarily while the anaesthesia wears off.
2. Hospital Stay
Patients who have undergone knee replacement surgery may stay in the hospital for observation and early rehabilitation. This usually takes 1-5 days.
3. Physiotherapy and Mobility
Physiotherapy typically begins soon after surgery to help restore range of motion and strength in your knee.
4. Recovery and Rehabilitation
Most patients gradually increase activity over the following weeks after surgery. Activities such as walking typically resume first, while higher impact activities such as running may need to be avoided.
Schedule a Consultation for Knee Replacement Singapore
If you are experiencing persistent knee pain or reduced mobility, an orthopaedic consultation can help determine whether treatment such as knee replacement surgery may be appropriate.
At Hip & Knee Orthopaedics, patients receive an evaluation of the knee joint and guidance on both surgical and non-surgical treatment options. If you are considering knee replacement surgery in Singapore, our team will explain the procedure, recovery expectations, and insurance considerations in detail.
Contact us to discuss the most suitable treatment options for your condition.
Dr Tan Sok Chuen
Specialist Orthopaedic Surgeon
• MRCSEd Member (Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh)
• MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery)
• MMed (Ortho) Master of Medicine (Orthopaedic Surgery)
• FRCSEd (Trauma & Ortho) Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh in Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery
• Member of the Sports Medicine Association Singapore
Dr Adrian Lau
Specialist Orthopaedic Surgeon
• MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery)
• MRCSEd Member (Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh)
• MMed (Ortho) Master of Medicine (Orthopaedic Surgery)
• FRCSEd (Trauma & Ortho) Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh in Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery
As with any joint replacement surgery, there are potential risks associated with knee replacement surgery. These may include infection, blood clots, stiffness in the knee joint, or implant wear over time. Your doctor will review the risk factors based on your medical history before surgery. Careful surgical technique and post surgery rehabilitation are important to reduce the risk of complications.
After knee replacement surgery, many patients notice that the knee feels more stable and less painful than before the surgery. However, the artificial knee joint may not feel exactly the same as a natural knee. Most patients are able to walk, climb stairs, and perform everyday activities with improved comfort. Over time, muscles around your knee strengthen and movement becomes more natural.
Preparing your home before surgery can make recovery after knee replacement easier. Patients are usually advised to remove loose rugs, arrange frequently used items within easy reach, and ensure there are stable handholds near bathrooms or stairs. Some patients may also use assistive devices such as a walker or cane during the early weeks after surgery. It is important to prepare your home environment and plan ahead for a knee replacement surgery so that daily activities are safer and more manageable during the early recovery period.
Many patients with severe osteoarthritis of the knee experience significant limitations in mobility before surgery. Knee replacement surgery removes damaged cartilage surfaces that cause friction, inflammation, stiffness and pain during movement. When recovery progresses well, patients may find it easier to return to activities such as walking, travelling and participating in everyday routines. Improved mobility can contribute positively to overall quality of life.
Yes, the metal components used in a knee replacement may activate airport security scanners. Patients who have undergone knee replacement surgery can inform security personnel if screening devices detect the implant. In most cases, airport security procedures proceed normally after additional screening if required.
Total knee replacement is most commonly performed in patients with advanced osteoarthritis, often in older adults. However, some younger patients with severe joint damage or previous injuries may also be considered candidates for total knee replacement. Your doctor will evaluate the condition of the knee joint and discuss whether a knee replacement is appropriate for your situation.
Modern knee replacements are designed to function for many years under normal activity levels. Many patients who undergo a knee replacement continue to use the same implant for 15 to 20 years or longer. Longevity can depend on factors such as activity level, body weight, and the condition of surrounding knee structures.
Knee replacement surgery addresses damage within the knee joint only. If arthritis affects other joints such as the hip or ankle, separate evaluation and treatment may be required. Your doctor can assess symptoms in other joints and recommend appropriate management.
Some patients report temporary stiffness or mild discomfort in the knee joint during changes in weather or temperature. This sensation may occur during the early months after a knee replacement surgery as the body adapts to the implant. For most patients, these symptoms improve over time as healing progresses.
Kneeling may feel uncomfortable for some patients after knee replacement surgery. While the artificial knee joint is generally strong enough to tolerate kneeling, sensitivity around the surgical area can make the position difficult. Physiotherapy and gradual rehabilitation may help improve flexibility and comfort over time to allow you to be able to kneel for certain daily activities, depending on your recovery and the condition of your knee joint.
Orthopaedic Surgery Specialist
Dr Adrian Lau is a specialist orthopaedic surgeon trained in primary and complex hip and knee arthroplasty.
Orthopaedic Surgery Specialist
Our Clinic
Address
38 Irrawaddy Road,
Mount Elizabeth Novena Specialist Centre,
#09-21/38, Singapore 329563
Opening Hours
Monday to Friday: 9 am to 5 pm
Saturday: 9am to 1pm
Closed on Sundays and Public Holidays
Read from Our Blog
Our doctors share their journeys as orthopaedic surgeons as well as offer insights and tips.
